[摘要] 目的 探讨男性不育患者Y染色体微缺失检测的临床意义。 方法 应用PCR多重技术对293例无精子和严重少弱精子的不育患者(非梗阻性无精子症159例、严重少弱精子症134例)Y染色体上AZFa、AZFb和AZFc 3个区域进行微缺失检测。 结果 在293例患者中,共检出31例患者AZF区域微缺失,缺失率为10.58%;其中,非梗阻性无精症23例,严重少弱精症8例。上述患者中,4例位于AZFb区,5例位于AZFb+AZFc区,20例位于AZFc区,2例被检出AZFc+AZFb+AZFa区域三重缺失。 结论 Y染色体AZF区微缺失是引起男性不育的重要原因之一,无精子症和严重少弱精子症不育患者有必要进行Y染色体微缺失检查,便于早期诊断和治疗。
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[关键词] Y染色体;AZF微缺失;男性不育;无精子症;弱精子症
[中图分类号] R698.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)34-0007-03
Clinical study on microdeletion of AZF regions of Y chromosome in male infertile patients
CHEN Junfeng1,2 YIN Weiqi2 WANG Kaiyun1,2 MA Chao3 WANG Li3 MA Qi1,2
1.Translational Research Laboratory for Urology, Ningbo Key Laboratory, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China; 2.Department of Urology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China; 3.Andrology Laboratory, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical significance of Y chromosome microdeletion in male infertile patients. Methods PCR multiple technique was applied to perform microdeletion detection in the three regions of AZFa, AZFb and AZFc on the Y chromosome in a total of 293 infertile patients with azoospermia and oligoasthenospermatism(non-obstructive azoospermia in 159 cases and severe oligoasthenospermatism in 134 cases). Results Among 293 patients, a total of 31 patients had microdeletion of AZF region, with the deletion rate of 10.58%; among them, non-obstructive azoospermia was in 23 cases, and severe oligospermia was in 8 cases. Of the above patients, 4 patients were located in the AZFb region, 5 were located in AZFb+AZFc region, and 20 were located in AZFc region. AZFc+AZFb+AZFa region triple deletion was detected in 2 cases. Conclusion The microdeletion of Y chromosome in AZF region is one of the important causes of male infertility. For the infertile patients with azoospermia and severe oligoasthenospermatism, there was a need to carry out Y chromosome microdeletion examination, which is easy to perform early diagnosis and treatment.
[Key words] Y chromosome; AZF microdeletion; Male infertility; Azoospermia; Asthenospermia
全球有10%~15%的育?g夫妇受困于不育,其中男性因素超过一半[1-2]。引起男性不育的因素很多,而无精子症和严重少精子症是男性不育中常见的病因[3]。造成非梗阻性无精子症和严重少精子症最常见遗传学病因是精子发生基因的异常。Y染色体长臂11间隔存在控制精子发生的基因为无精子症因子(azoospermic factor,AZF),AZF发生的区域主要有4 个:AZFa、AZFb、AZFc 及AZFd,这其中以AZFc 的缺失最多见,AZFb 的缺失次之,AZFa、AZFd 区少见[4-5]。这些区域任意1个位点的微缺失可导致精子发生障碍,临床上可表现为男性无精子症或严重少弱精子症,因此对AZF的研究备受关注。本文利用两组多重PCR技术对293例无精子症和严重少弱精子症患者外周血进行Y染色体AZF区微缺失检测,探讨在男性不育患者中Y染色体微缺失检测的临床意义。 1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
筛选2012年11月~2015年4月在宁波市第一医院泌尿外科就诊的男性不育患者293例,年龄20~50岁,平均(27.64±4.57)岁,均有不育史,其中非梗阻性无精子症159例,严重少弱精子症134例。精液分析及无精子症、严重少精子症的诊断均按照WHO第5 版《人类精液检查与处理实验室手册》要求进行[6],即连续3次精液检查并经离心沉淀检测均无精子者为无精子症,3次精子浓度均 本研究表明非梗阻性无精子症和严重少精子症患者与Y染色体微缺失密切相关。Y染色体微缺失在辅助生殖中可垂直传递给后代,导致子代不育。因此为了减少这种遗传病的发生,在辅助生殖前进行Y染色体微缺失检测具有重要的临床意义。
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(收稿日期:2017-09-25)