[摘要] 目的 探?产KPC酶肺炎克雷伯菌的临床感染分布特点及中西医结合的干预效果。 方法 收集临床多个科室标本,共筛查出产KPC酶肺炎克雷伯菌株523株,分析其临床分布情况及病区分布情况。将配置好的头孢三嗪、鱼腥草注射液、穿琥宁注射液分别单独或与西药配伍加入适当浓度的产KPC酶肺炎克雷伯菌落中,经动态比浊法测定内毒素含量。 结果 在临床分离出的523例产KPC酶肺炎克雷伯菌株中,来自于呼吸道标本所占的比率最高,其次为中段尿液、脓液及伤口分泌物、血液。在各标本中产ESBLs阳性率最高的为呼吸道标本,其次为脓液及伤口分泌物、血液、中段尿液。产KPC酶肺炎克雷伯菌的临床病区分布情况:呼吸科所占比率最高,其次为ICU、感染科、泌尿外科。产ESBLs情况也存在明显差异,ICU所占百分比最高,其次为肿瘤科、呼吸科、感染科。鱼腥草组、穿琥宁组及与西药配伍组内毒素产生的量均明显低于西药组(P http://
[关键词] 肺炎克雷伯菌;肺炎克雷伯菌耐碳青霉烯酶;内毒素;感染
[中图分类号] R446.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2018)03-0015-04
Characteristics of infection distribution of KPC-producing klebsiella pneumoniae and its inhibitory effect on integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine
LU Tao1 FANG Min2 PENG Chunxian1 LU Weili1 WU Zhiyu1
1.Department of Infection, Quzhou People's Hospital in Zhejiang Province, Quzhou 324000, China; 2.Department of Oncology, Quzhou Kecheng District People's Hospital in Zhejiang Province, Quzhou 324000, China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the characteristics of infection distribution of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and its intervention effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Methods A total of 523 strains of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were screened from various clinical departments, and its clinical distribution and distribution of disease areas were analyzed. Ceftriaxone, Houttuynia injection, and Chuanhuning injection which were well-prepared were added into appropriate concentration of KPC-produing Klebsiella pneumoniae colony alone or combined with western medicine. The endotoxin content was determined by dynamic turbidimetry. Results In the clinically isolated 523 cases of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, the highest proportion was from respiratory specimens, followed by the middle segment of urine, pus, wound secretions, blood. The highest ESBLs-producing positive rate in each specimen was from respiratory specimens, followed by pus, wound secretions, blood, middle segment of urine. The distribution of clinical ward of KDS-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Respiratory rate accounted for the highest rate, followed by ICU, department of infectious diseases, and urology. ESBLs production was significantly different. ICU accounted for the highest percentage, followed by the Department of Oncology, Respiratory Medicine, and Infectious Diseases. The amount of endotoxin produced in Houttuynia group, Chuanhuning group and integrated western medicine group was all significantly lower than that in western medicine group(P 在我国,关于中医药在抗内毒素方面的研究日益广泛,研究[9-11]证实,清热解毒作用的中药在抗内毒素方面效果明显。本研究选择了鱼腥草、穿琥宁两种清热解毒药物,分别采用单独和西药配伍方案应用于产KPC酶肺炎克雷伯菌的抗感染研究中。鱼腥草来源于三白草科植物,能清热解毒、消肿疗疮、利尿除湿、清热止痢,现代药理学证实鱼腥草具有抗菌、抗病毒等作用[12-14]。穿琥宁属于免疫系统用药,对细菌内毒素引起的发热有较强的解热作用[15-17]。本研究发现,单纯中药组及中西医配伍组的产KPC酶肺炎克雷伯菌释放内毒素的量均明显低于西药组,这与其他学者的研究基本一致,也证实了中药在抗内毒素方面的显著效果。
综上所述,本研究对于产KPC肺炎克雷伯菌的临床分布特点有了初步的认识,今后对于相应的灭菌工作可以更加有针对性地开展。在今后的研究中,将制定并执行相关灭菌守则和操作,以期减少产KPC酶肺炎克雷伯菌的临床感染发生率。中药与西药配伍后对于产KPC酶肺炎克雷伯菌的产内毒素效应有明显的抑制作用,理论上能够降低内毒素释放入血的浓度[18-20],今后将开展相关研究,探讨中药对于KPC肺炎克雷伯菌感染相关疾病方面的临床疗效及预后。
[参考文献]
[1] Ali S,Wilson APR. Effect of poly-hexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride(PHMB) treated non-sterile medical gloves upon the transmission of Streptococcus pyogenes,carbapenem-resistant E.coli,MRSA and Klebsiella pneumoniae from contact surfaces[J]. BMC Infect Dis,2017,17(1):574.
[2] Cerdeira LT,Cunha MPV,Francisco GR,et al. IncX3 plasmid harboring a non-Tn4401 genetic element(NTEKPC)in a hospital-associated clone of KPC-2-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST340/CG258[J].Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis,2017,8893(17):30213-30214.
[3] Gugliandolo A,Caio C,Mezzatesta ML,et al.Successful ceftazidime-avibactam treatment of MDR-KPC-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in a patient with traumatic brain injury:A case report[J].Medicine (Baltimore),2017,96(31):e7664.
[4] Savov E,Todorova I,Politi L,et al.Colistin resistance in KPC-2-and SHV-5-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in bulgaria[J].Chemotherapy,2017,62(6):339-342.
[5] Dardi MS,Sharma SK,Srivastava AK.Pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of ceftriaxone in E. coli lipopolysaccharide induced fever in buffalo calves[J].J Vet Sci,2005, 6(2):147-150.
[6] Stoesser N,Sheppard AE,Peirano G,et al.Genomic epidemiology of global Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase(KPC)-producing Escherichia coli[J].Sci Rep,2017, 7(1):5917.
[7] 任?巯迹?郑红,邵甜,等.内毒素耐受研究进展[J].国际麻醉学与复苏杂志,2016,37(12):1149-1152.
[8] Chou ST,Jung F,Yang SH,et al. Antofine suppresses endotoxin-induced inflammation and metabolic disorder via AMP-activated protein kinase[J].Pharmacol Res Perspect,2017,5(4):337.
[9] 胡屹屹,何孔旺,温立斌.6种中药生物碱对内毒素诱导内皮细胞分泌白介素-1α、NO和6-酮-前列腺素F1α的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2012,33(3):407-410.
[10] 万启南,韦衮政,李黔云,等.清热解毒扶正颗粒对内毒素大鼠肺肾组织NF-κBp65蛋白的影响[J].云南中医中药杂志,2017,38(5):16-20.
[11] 温桃群,王学,王凤,等.中药复方治疗内毒素性肺损伤的研究进展[J].中国民族民间医药,2017,26(4):64-71.
[12] 钟君.鱼腥草临床应用的研究概况[J].中国医药指南,2012,22(24):235-237.
[13] 杜向群,陈敏燕,许颖.鱼腥草成分、药理的研究进展[J].江西中医药,2012,43(2): 66-68.
[14] 陈婧,方建国,吴方建,等.鱼腥草抗炎药理作用机制的研究进展[J].中草药, 2014, 45(2):284-289.
[15] 徐蓉,徐孝麟.穿琥宁注射液的临床应用进展[J].现代临床医学,2005,31(4):278-280.
[16] 张波,龙隆,王莉莉,等.穿琥宁抗炎作用的血红素加氧酶-1的信号转导机制[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,2013,27(1):84-90.
[17] 禹玉洪,乔佛晓,玄京姬,等.注射用穿琥宁乳剂在大鼠体内药代动力学及组织分布[J]. 国际药学研究杂志,2014, 41(2):254-258.
[18] 徐嘉蔚,陈斌,李玲,等.肝病实脾法对肝硬化大鼠胃动素、胃动素受体及内毒素血症的影响[J].中西医结合肝病杂志,2015,25(2):99-101,111.
[19] Szijártó V,Guachalla LM,Hartl K,et al. Both clades of the epidemic KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clone ST258 share a modified galactan O-antigen type[J]. Int J Med Microbiol,2016,306(2):89-98.
[20] Cannatelli A,Di Pilato V,Giani T,et al. In vivo evolution to colistin resistance by PmrB sensor kinase mutation in KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae is associated with low-dosage colistin treatment[J].Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2014,58(8):4399-4403.
(收稿日期:2017-08-31)