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2018补铁治疗在妊娠贫血患者治疗中的必要性及铁蛋白的临床价值

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发表于 2018-8-15 19:48:34 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  [摘要] 目的 探?铁剂在妊娠贫血治疗中的必要性及铁蛋白在补铁治疗中的意义。 方法 选取2016年1~12月我院产检分娩的患者共423例,其中早孕期(177例)、中孕期(60例)、晚孕期(186),收集三阶段的铁蛋白、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,HGB)的数据资料并分析其差异性,按HGB是否0.05)。晚孕期铁蛋白与HGB有相关性(P0.05)。临床并发症:胎膜早破(0.95%)、妊高症(0.71%)、产褥期感染0例、产后出血(0.47%)、新生儿窒息0例、胎儿宫内生长受限(0.47%),巨大儿(0.47%),均未高出我院同时期此类并发症的发生率(12.89%、5.61%、0.023%、1.14%、1.5%、1.18%、5.41%)。 结论 妊娠贫血不容忽视,但并非每一个缺铁性贫血患者均需补铁治疗,补铁治疗需要个体化,联合铁蛋白及HGB进行补铁治疗值得推荐。
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  [关键词] 铁蛋白;血红蛋白;相关性;妊娠期贫血;发生率
  [中图分类号] R714.25 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2018)03-0067-03
  The necessity of iron therapy in the treatment of patients with anemia during pregnancy and the clinical value of ferritin
  KANG Yan SHAO Ting
  Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Suzhou Municipal Hospital,Suzhou 215000,China
  [Abstract] Objective To investigate the necessity of iron in the treatment of anemia in pregnancy and the significance of ferritin in iron therapy. Methods 423 patients who underwent pregnancy check-up and were delivered in our hospital from January to December 2016 were selected, including 177 cases in the early pregnancy, 60 cases in the middle pregnancy and 186 in the late pregnancy. The data of ferritin, Hemoglobin(HGB) of three stages were collected and the difference was analyzed. According to whether the HGB was 0.05). The ferritin in late pregnancy correlated with HGB(P0.05). The clinical complications including premature rupture of membranes(0.95%), pregnancy-induced hypertension(0.71%), puerperal infection in 0 cases, postpartum hemorrhage (0.47%), neonatal asphyxia in 0 cases, fetal intrauterine growth restriction(0.47%) and huge children(0.47%) did not exceed the incidence of such complications in our hospital in the same period(12.89%, 5.61%, 0.023%, 1.14%, 1.5%, 1.18%, 5.41%). Conclusion Anemia in pregnancy can not be ignored, but not every iron deficiency anemia patient need iron therapy. Individualized iron therapy is needed, and the combination with ferritin and HGB for iron therapy is recommended.     [Key words] Ferritin;Hemoglobin;Relevance;Anemia in pregnancy;Incidence
  妊娠贫血是临床最常见的并发症,其对母儿的影响常常不易引起患者的重视,尤其对胎儿远期的影响[1,2]。临床诊断贫血多以血红蛋白(HGB)的降低为主,近几年来,铁蛋白成了临床新的补铁依据,且越来越受到临床工作者的欢迎,即便如此,贫血纠正并不及时,常达不到理想的纠正效果。但过度补铁又可能对孕产妇、尤其胎儿产生近期或远期不可逆的影响[3,4],如何正确补铁治疗显得十分关键,以期通过本文给临床工作者带来一点启示。
  1资料与方法
  1.1 一般资料
  收集我院2016年1~12月我院产检、分娩的贫血孕产妇共423例,其中早孕期(孕周13±7周)177例,中孕期(孕28~32周)60例,晚孕期(≥孕32周)186例,其中晚孕期贫血患者71例,晚孕期非贫血患者115例。收集这些孕产妇铁蛋白、血红蛋白的临床数据资料,以及孕晚期贫血组患者胎膜早破、妊高症、产褥期感染、产后出血、新生儿窒息、胎儿宫内生长受限、巨大儿的发生例数。
  1.2 方法
  分析早孕期与中孕期,中孕期与晚孕期,晚孕期贫血组与非贫血组之间HGB、铁蛋白的差异,以及晚孕期及晚孕期贫血组中HGB与铁蛋白之间的相关性,比较孕晚期贫血患者胎膜早破、妊高症、产褥期感染、产后出血、新生儿窒息、胎儿宫内生长受限的发生率与我院同时期此类并发症的差别。
  1.3 妊娠期贫血及铁蛋白缺乏诊断标准[1]
  外周血血红蛋白水平统计学方法
  所有数据应用SPSS19.0软件进行统计学分析。计量资料以均数±标准差表示,采用t检验进行两个独立样本的比较,采用直线相关分析的统计学方法分析铁蛋白及血红蛋白的相关性,P0.05)。见表2。
  2.3 晚孕期贫血组与晚孕期非贫血组铁蛋白与HGB水平比较
  晚孕期贫血组相较非贫血组铁蛋白及HGB水平均值均下降,差异有统计学意义(P    综上所述,过度宣扬贫血对母儿的危害以及补铁对母儿的有利影响显得证据不足,补铁治疗仍需适时、适量、个体化。
  [参考文献]
  [1] 中华医学会围产医学分会. 妊娠期铁缺乏和缺铁性贫血诊治指南[J].中国实用内科杂志,2015,35(2):451-453.
  [2] 谢幸,苟文丽. 妇产科学[M].第8版:人民卫生出版社,2013:92-94.
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  [4] Patimah S,Jusoff K,Hadju V,et al. The influence of multiple micronutrient supplementations on hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels of pregnant women[J]. World Journal of Medical Sciences,2013,8(3):177-185.
  [5] Madhavan NK,Bhaskaram P,Balakrishna N,et al. Response of hemoglobin,serum ferritin,and serum transferrin receptor during iron supplementation in pregnancy:A prospective study[J]. The Journal of Nutrition,2004,20(10):896-901.
  [6] Muslimatun S,Schmidt MK,Schultink W,et al. Weekly supplementation with iron and vitamin A during pregnancy increases hemoglobin concentration but decreases serum ferritin concentration in Indonesian pregnant women[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2001,131(1):85-90.
  [7] 张微惠,徐建民等.血清铁蛋白在不同孕期妊娠妇女检测的临床意义[J].中国实用医学,2017,6(12),45-47.
  [8] Ronnenberg AG,Wood RJ,Wang X,et al. Preconception hemoglobin and ferritin concentrations are associated with pregnancy outcome in a prospective cohort of Chinese women[J]. The Journal of Nutrition,2004,134(10):2586-2591.
  [9] Samimi M,Asemi Z,Taghizadeh M,et al. Concentrations of Serum Zinc,Hemoglobin and Ferritin among Pregnant Women and their Effects on Birth Outcomes in Kashan,Iran[J]. Oman Medical Journal,2012,27(1):40-45.
  [10] 张小丽.孕期营养水平与妊娠结局的相关性[J].现代实用医学,2015,(9):1191-1193.
  [11] 兰明,李洁. 3262例孕妇妊娠中、晚期贫血患病率及血清铁蛋白水平调查[J].中华围产医学杂志,2016,(1):62-66.
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  (收稿日期:2017-11-22)
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