[摘要] 目的 探讨血清非磷酸化-未羧化的基质gla蛋白(dephospho-uncarboxylated matrix glaprotein,dp-ucMGP)与2型糖尿病肾病终末期肾脏病(end stage renal diseasr,ESRD)患者下肢动脉狭窄的关系。 方法 选取2015年10月~2016年10月在赣南医学院第一附?僖皆耗诜置诳苹蛏瞿诳谱≡旱?2型糖尿病肾病ESRD非透析患者106例,根据双下肢动脉彩超分为三组:轻度狭窄组(n=56)、中度狭窄组(n=32)和重度狭窄组(n=18),测定血清HbA1c、Ca、P、LDL-C、CRP、PTH、25(OH)D、dp-ucMGP等指标,比较三组上述指标男性、年龄、病程、吸烟、心血管疾病病史和BMI的差异。 结果 三组血清dp-ucMGP水平分别为514(441,587)pmol/L、685(590,780)pmol/L、763(658,868)pmol/L,各组差异均有统计学意义(P /6/view-10764234.htm
[关键词] 非磷酸化-未羧化的基质gla蛋白;2型糖尿病;糖尿病肾病;动脉钙化
[中图分类号] R587.2;R692 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)35-0005-04
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the relationship between dephospho-uncarboxylated matrix glaprotein(dp-ucMGP) and stenosis of lower extremity artery in type 2 diabetic patients with end stage renal disease(ESRD). Methods 106 ESRD non-dialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy hospitalized in Department of Endocrinology or Nephrology of First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College from October 2015 to October 2016 were selected. The patients were divided into mild stenosis group(n=56), moderate stenosis group(n=32) and severe stenosis group(n=18), according to the arterial ultrasonography in two lower extremities. The indicators including serum HbA1c, Ca, P and LDL-C, CRP, PTH, 25(OH)D and dp-ucMGP were measured. The differences in the above indicators, male, age, duration, smoking, cardiovascular history and BMI between the three groups were compared. Results The levels of serum dp-ucMGP in the three groups were 514(441, 587) pmol/L, 685(590, 780) pmol/L and 763(658, 868) pmol/L, respectively. There were significant differences among the three groups(P 糖尿病肾病是糖尿病最主要的微血管并发症之一,是目前引起ESRD的主要原因之一。ESRD加速血管粥样硬化的发生,下肢动脉狭窄是2型糖尿病ESRD患者动脉钙化主要并发症之一[1-4]。Paul YB等[2]研究报道接受肾移植患者血清中dp-ucMGP表达增加2型糖尿病心血管疾病的发生。李国刚等[5]报道维持性血液透析患者血中非活性基质gla蛋白(uc-MGP)增高与动脉粥样硬化发生和进展有关。目前国内dp-ucMGP与2型糖尿病ESRD患者下肢动脉钙化的相关报道较少,故本研究选取2型糖尿病肾病ESRD患者为研究对象,所有患者均行下肢动脉彩超检查评估下肢动脉狭窄,同时检测患者血清dp-ucMGP水平并评估其与一般资料、实验室指标之间的关系,探讨血清dp-ucMGP水平与2型糖尿病肾病ESRD患者下肢动脉狭窄的关系。
1 资料与方法
1.1 临床资料
选取2015年10月~2016年10月在我院内分泌科或者肾内科住院的2型糖尿病肾病ESRD非透析患者106例,其中男65例,平均年龄(56.7±8.3)岁,女41例,平均年龄(58.3±8.9)岁。本研究均征得患者及家属同意,并签署知情同意书。本研究经赣南医学院第一附属医院伦理委员会批准。纳入标准:(1)年龄18~70岁;(2)2型糖尿病患者,临床符合糖尿病肾病特点或经肾活检诊断糖尿病肾病[5];(3)符合2007年美国肾脏基金会K/DOQI专家组关于ESRD诊断标准[估计的肾小球滤过率(eGFR)0.05)(表1)。
2.2多因素Logistic回归分析
多因素回归分析发现血清dp-ucMGP是2型糖尿病肾病ESRD患者下肢动脉狭窄的独立预测因子,独立于年龄、性别、吸烟史、心血管疾病病史(表2)。
3 讨论
MGP是一种维生素K依赖性的血管壁钙磷沉积及晶体形成的抑制剂[9]。MGP经维生素K 依赖性γ-羧化酶将Gly残基转变为Gla残基而获得活性,γ-羧化和磷酸化均可以调节MGP的活性。目前有许多方法检测各种不同活性形式MGP的表达,其中dp-ucMGP与血管壁钙磷沉积及羟磷灰石的亲和力低,已有文献报道血清中dp-ucMGP是众所周知的反映体内维生素K水平的标志物之一,血清中dp-ucMGP与血管钙化密切相关[10-15]。 本研究发现2型糖尿病肾病ESRD患者下肢动脉重度狭窄组患者血清dp-ucMGP水平明显高于中度狭窄组,中度狭窄组血清dp-ucMGP水平明显高于轻度狭窄组。多因素Logistic回归分析进一步发现,血清dp-ucMGP水平与下肢动脉狭窄呈显著正相关,独立于年龄、性别、吸烟史、心血管疾病病史。Dalmeijer GW等[13]研究指出血清dp-ucMGP与2型糖尿病患者动脉粥样硬化性疾病风险增加密切相关,尤其是外周动脉硬化疾病。本课题组前期采用下肢动脉CTA评估2型糖尿病患者膝下动脉钙化积分,研究结果提示血清dp-ucMGP水平与2型糖尿病患者膝下动脉钙化积分呈正相关,独立于年龄、性别、心血管疾病病史。Sophie Liabeuf等[16]研究表明血清中高水平dp-ucMGP与2型糖尿病合并轻度肾功能不全患者膝下动脉钙化积分独立相关。Leon JS等[17]研究表明血清dp-ucMGP水平与处于不同阶段的慢性肾功能衰竭患者主动脉钙化相关,而且独立于估算肾小球滤过率、年龄、性别、CRP等传统危险因素。已有不少动物试验以及临床研究均表明维生素K拮抗剂的使用可以显著升高血清中dp-ucMGP水平,发生严重的动脉钙化[18]。Mabel Aoun等[19]前瞻性研究报道,糖尿病慢性肾功能衰竭长期维持性血液透析患者血清dp-ucMGP基线水平在2000 pmol/L左右,补充维生素K2可以显著降低血清dp-ucMGP水平。Fang-Fei Wei等[20]分别采用免疫组化及von Kossa方法检测糖尿病肾小球微血管非活性未羧化的基质gla蛋白表达水平(uncarboxylated MGP,ucMGP)及钙沉积,与健康人的肾小球微血管相比较,糖尿病患者肾小球微血管ucMGP及钙沉积水平明显增加,但该研究未探讨糖尿病肾病患者肾小球微血管病变部位dp-ucMGP表达情况。
本研究不足之处包括样本少、实验方法单一,未纳入2型糖尿病人群作为正常对照,未采用免疫组化方法检测2型糖尿病动脉钙化部位dp-ucMGP水平以及维生素K的补充对dp-ucMGP的影响等。然而,本研究重点报道dp-ucMGP与2型糖尿病肾病ESRD患者下肢动脉狭窄之间的关系。
2型糖尿病肾病ESRD患者血清升高的dp-ucMGP水平与下肢动脉狭窄的严重性独立相关。因此,血清dp-ucMGP可能是预测2型糖尿病肾病ESRD患者发生下肢动脉狭窄的有价值的生化标志物之一。如何逆转血清中升高的dp-ucMGP水平以及探讨dp-ucMGP与2型糖尿病慢性肾功能衰竭患者血管钙化之间的关系值得进一步深入研究。
[?⒖嘉南?]
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(收稿日期:2017-10-27)