[摘要] 目的 分析新生儿呼吸机相关性克雷伯杆菌肺炎的临床病症特点,探讨临床防治对策。方法 方便选取该院于2014年3月―2015年3月期间所收治的经过病原学确诊的22例呼吸机相关性克雷伯杆菌肺炎患儿,对所有患儿进行白细胞测定、血糖测定以及X线检查,分析其临床病症表现以及药敏实验情况。结果 该种病症多发于插管时间小于4 d的早产儿、低体重儿、病症发生迅速、病症进展快速且并发症多,同时经过X线检查,呈现为不典型的状态,对30株克雷伯杆菌进行药敏测定的结果为,30株亚胺培南-西司他丁敏感(敏感度可达到100.0%),环丙沙星25株(敏感度为83.3%)、舒巴坦钠23株(76.7%)、阿米卡星15株(50.0%)、头孢他啶9株(30.0%)、头孢曲松5例(16.7%)、头孢噻肟钠3株(10.0%)、头孢哌酮3株(10.0%)、氨曲南6例(20.0%)、阿莫西林3株(10.0%)、复方磺胺甲恶唑6株(20.0%)。结论 新生儿呼吸机相关性克雷伯杆菌肺炎发病的概率和抗生素的应用以及克雷伯菌的广泛分布有较强的关系,留置胃管是高发原因。
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[关键词] 呼吸机相关性克雷伯杆菌肺炎;临床特征;特点分析
[中图分类号] R722 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2017)09(b)-0092-03
[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to analyze the clinical characteristics of neonatal ventilator-associated klebsiella pneumonia and to explore the clinical countermeasures. Methods 22 cases of ventilator-associated klebsiella pneumonia diagnosed by pathogens from March 2014 to March 2015 in this hospital were convenient selected and were tested for leukocytes, blood glucose and X-ray examination, the clinical manifestations and drug sensitivity test were analyzed. Results This disease occurred in the intubation time of less than 4 days of premature children, low birth weight children; the disease occurred rapidly, with rapid progression and many complications, and after X-ray examination, showing a non-typical state; the results of susceptibility testing of the 30 kleiber were as follows: 30 strains of imipenem-cilastatin (sensitivity reached 100.0%), 25 ciprofloxacin (sensitivity reached 83.3%), 23 strains of sulbactam (76.7%), 15 amikacin (50.0%), 9 cefotaxime sodium (30.0%), 5 ceftriaxone (16.7%), 3 cefotaxime sodium (10.0%), 3 cefoperzone (10.0%), 6 aztreonam (20.0%), 3 amoxicillin (10.0%), 6 compound sulfamethoxazole (20.0%). Conclusion The probability of neonatal ventilator-associated klebsiella pneumonia incidence and the application of antibiotics and the widespread distribution of klebsiella has a strong relationship, and indwelling gastric tube occurs frequently.
[Key words] Ventilator-associated klebsiella pneumonia; Clinical features; Characteristic analysis
当前,临床中呼吸机的广泛应用,在重症监护病房中,呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生概率也呈现为显著上升的趋势[1],作为引发新生儿呼吸机相关性肺炎的重要病原菌,克雷伯杆菌占据其首位,且具有较多的耐药菌,一旦患儿感染了该种病原菌,将导致出现多种并发症,且病死率居高不下[2]。因此,为了对此种病症有更加深刻的认知,则方便选取该院于2014年3月―2015年3月期间所收治的经过病原学确诊的22例呼吸机相关性克雷伯杆菌肺炎患儿,作为临床研究数据,评定临床意义,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
方便选取该院NICU共收治经过病原学确诊的22例呼吸机相关性克雷伯杆菌肺炎患儿,其中男性15例,女性7例,其中胎龄小于37周的患儿16例,其中27周2例,在32周以内的患儿4例,在32+1~34周的患儿5例,341~37周5例;胎龄大于37周的患儿共6例。对22例患儿经过体?|量的测定,7例患儿在1 101~1 499 g,11例患儿在1 502~2 501 g,4例患儿体质量>2 500 g,入院时龄在0.4~35 h。