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2018经皮肾镜与软性输尿管镜治疗肾结石的应用及效果对照评定

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发表于 2018-8-15 11:26:23 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  [摘要] 目的 该课题旨在探讨肾结石患者应用经皮肾镜(PCNL)与软性输尿管镜(FURS)治疗的临床效果。方法 根据治疗方式对112例该院2013年2月―2017年6月期间收治的肾结石患者进行分组。其中,FURS组56例患者采用软性输尿管镜手术治疗,PCNL组56例采用经皮肾镜手术治疗,对比两组清石率、并发症发生率与临床指标。结果 FURS组肾结石患者清石率71.43%低于PCNL组的94.64%,并发症发生率3.57%低于PCNL组的23.21%,住院时间(8.54±0.34)d与住院费用(2.36±0.31)万元少于PCNL组的(11.33±0.84)d与(3.24±0.32)万元,手术时间(63.23±15.26)min长于PCNL组的(56.64±13.62)min,差异有统计学意义(P /6/view-10743043.htm
  [关键词] 肾结石;经皮肾镜;软性输尿管镜;临床效果
  [中图分类号] R692 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2017)10(b)-0004-03
  [Abstract] Objective This paper tries to explore the clinical effect of patients with renal calculus by using percutaneous nephroscope (PCNL) and soft ureteroscope (FURS). Methods 112 patients with renal calculi received from February 2013 to June 2017 were divided into two groups according to different treatment methods. 56 patients in FURS group were treated with soft ureteroscopy, and 56 cases of PCNL group were treated with percutaneous nephroscope surgery, the clear stone rate, complication rate and clinical index of two groups were compared. Results The clear stone rate of the FURS group was 71.43%, lower than that of PCNL group of 94.64%, incidence of complications was 3.57%, lower than 23.21% of the PCNL group, length of hospital stay was (8.54±0.34)d and hospitalization expense was (2.36±0.31)ten thousand yuan, less than those of the PCNL group of (11.33±0.84)d and (3.24±0.32)ten thousand yuan, the operation time was (63.23±15.26)min, longer than the PCNL group of (56.64±13.62) min, with statistically significant difference(P0.05)。     1.2 方法
  PCNL组治疗方法为:全身麻醉后应用仰卧位,B超定位下经第11~12肋腋后线到肩胛线之间穿刺到目标肾盏,之后将金属导丝置入。应用筋膜扩张器顺导丝扩张穿刺道为22~24 F,然后留置金属鞘,并将经皮肾的取石通道建立好。在肾镜置入后使用超声碎石取石系统完成碎石,术毕将双J管与6F肾造瘘管成功留置。肾造瘘管在术后2~5 d拔除,双J管在术后2~4周拔除。
  FURS组肾结石患者治疗方法为:全麻后应用截石位,将输尿管镜置入尿道及输尿管,再将预先留置的双J管拔出。在输尿管镜直视入镜时观察,然后扩张输尿管,同时留置0.04镍钛超滑导丝,沿导丝放在软性输尿管镜外鞘,将输尿管镜沿外鞘直视下完成置入。探查肾盂与肾盏结石,于操作通道将200 μm钬激光光纤置入,然后对准结石将碎石功率设置为5周完成碎石。在术后常规留置双J管,同时在2~4周将双J 管拔除。
  1.3 观察指标
  观察两组肾结石患者如下指标:①临床指标:指住院费用、手术时间与住院时间等指标。②并发症发生率:指感染性休克、菌血症与高热等并发症的发生情况。③清石率:指KUB或CT显示肾结石成功清除的情况。
  1.4 统计方法
  应用SPSS 22.0统计学软件做统计分析。计数资料采用χ2检验,配对设计的计量资料采用配对t检验。计数资料通过[n(%)]描述,计量资料以(x±s)描述。P参考文献]
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  (收稿日期:2017-07-16)
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