【摘要】 目的 探究老年重症心力衰竭急诊内科治疗的方法及临床疗效。方法 60例重症心力衰竭患者, 随机分为实验组和对照组, 各30例。对照组采用常规方法进行治疗, 实验组在常规治疗基础上应用美托洛尔联合厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪治疗, 观察两组的临床疗效与治疗前后的左心射血分数(LVEF)、B型尿钠肽(BNP)、美国纽约心脏病协会(NYHA)变化。结果 实验组患者治疗总有效率为93.3%, 对照组治疗总有效率为73.3%;实验组治疗总有效率高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前, 两组LVEF及BNP、NYHA比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后, 两组LVEF及BNP、NYHA均优于治疗前, 且实验组优于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 老年重症心力衰竭患者急诊内科进行常规治疗, 并采用美托洛尔联合厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪的治疗方法, 效果显著, 值得采用。
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【关键词】 重症心力衰竭;急诊内科;疗效观察
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2018.03.044
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the treatment method and clinical efficacy of emergency internal medicine for elderly severe heart failure. Methods A total of 60 severe heart failure patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 30 cases in each group. The control group received conventional method for treatment, and the experimental group received metoprolol combined with irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide on the basis of conventional therapy. Observation were made on clinical efficacy, changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification before and after treatment between two groups. Results The experimental group had total treatment effective rate as 93.3%, while the control group had total treatment effective rate as 73.3%. The experimental group had higher total treatment effective rate than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Before treatment, both groups had no statistically significant difference in LVEF, BNP and NYHA (P0.05). After treatment, both groups had better LVEF, BNP and NYHA than before treatment, and the experimental group was better than the control group. Their difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion For elderly patients with severe heart failure, emergency internal medicine treatment of conventional medicine, along with metoprolol and irbesartan hydrochlorothiazide treatment shows remarkable effect, and it is worthy of application.
【Key words】 Severe heart failure; Emergency internal medicine; Efficacy observation
心力衰竭是因心?K结构、功能不全导致心脏收缩功能不全出现心排血量不足、各脏器供血不足的一类综合征[1]。患者心力衰竭进行性恶化, 同时伴有心源性水肿及低钠血症, 是该病重要特征, 且重症心力衰竭好发于老年人, 治疗难度大, 病死率高[2]。本研究选取本院2016年7月~2017年7月收治的60例重症心力衰竭患者, 对其中30例采取有效的急诊内科治疗措施, 取得了显著效果, 现报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1. 1 一般资料 选取本院2016年7月~2017年7月收治的60例重症心力衰竭患者作为研究对象, 所有患者不能从事体力活动, 安静状态下亦发病, 心功能Ⅳ级。将患者随机分为实验组和对照组, 各30例。实验组中男17例, 女13例, 年龄56~73岁, 平均年龄(64.5±3.5)岁;高血压15例, 冠心病9例, 扩张型心肌病6例。对照组中男16例, 女14例, 年龄58~77岁, 平均年龄(67.5±3.8)岁;高血压17例, 冠心病10例, 扩张型心肌病3例。两组患者一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05), 具有可比性。 1. 2 方法 对照组患者采用常规方法治疗, 给予利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂、血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)或血管紧张素受体拮抗剂(ARB)类药物静脉注射, 醛固酮拮抗剂药物口服, 硝酸甘油或硝普钠静脉泵入[3]。实验组在常规治疗方法基础上采用美托洛尔联合厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪治疗, 美托洛尔(江苏晨牌药业集团股份有限公司, 国药准字H20064784)初次服用6.20 mg/次, 连续用药2~3 d, 后期可依据病情增加剂量, 6.2~12.0 mg/次, 连续用药2~3 d;厄贝沙坦氢氯噻嗪片(天津力生制药股份有限公司, 国药准字H12020166)口服, 1片/次, 连续服用2~3 d。
1. 3 观察指标及疗效评定标准 观察两组临床疗效, 疗效评定标准[4]:患者各临床症状改善, 心排血量(CO)或者LVEF改善明显, 心功能改善2级, 视为显效;CO或者LVEF改善, 心功能改善1级, 视为有效;临床各症状无变化或者加重, CO或者LVEF、心功能均无变化, 视为无效。总有效率=
(显效+有效)/总例数×100%。比较两组治疗前后LVEF、BNP、NYHA。
1. 4 统计学方法 采用SPSS22.0统计学软件进行数据统计分析。计量资料以均数±标准差( x-±s)表示, 采用t检验;计数资料以率(%)表示, 采用χ2检验。P0.05表示差异具有统计学意义。
2 结果
2. 1 两组患者治疗效果比较 实验组患者治疗总有效率为93.3%, 对照组治疗总有效率为73.3%;实验组治疗总有效率高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。见表1。
2. 2 两组治疗前后各指标比较 治疗前, 两组LVEF及BNP、NYHA比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后, 两组LVEF及BNP、NYHA均优于治疗前, 且实验组优于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。见表2。