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2018神经内镜辅助显微血管减压术治疗面肌痉挛的临床研究

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发表于 2018-8-18 21:48:23 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
 [摘要] 目的 探讨神经内镜辅助下显微血管减压术(MVD)治疗原发性面肌痉挛(HFS)疾病的价值。 方法 收集泸州医学院附属医院神经外科2009年3月~2012年4月收治的原发性面肌痉挛患者62例,其中行神经内镜辅助下显微血管减压术的面肌痉挛患者32例(A组),行传统显微血管减压术的面肌痉挛患者30例(B组),比较两种治疗方法的手术治愈率、并发症的情况以及术后住院时间。 结果 责任血管发现:A组32例患者均发现责任血管[(www. ) 专业提供论文代写和发表的服务,欢迎光临],B组29例患者发现责任血管;治愈率:A组治愈率为96.9%(31例),B组治愈率为90.0%(27例);并发症发生率:A组为15.6%(5例),B组为26.7%(8例);住院时间:A组为(8.01.3)d,B组为(11.02.7)d;上述指标两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P  0.05)。 结论 神经内镜辅助MVD治疗HFS能避免遗漏责任血管,减少对脑干、颅神经和重要血管的的牵拉损伤,对提高手术效果、减少术后并发症有重要价值。
  [关键词] 面肌痉挛;显微神经血管减压术;神经内镜
  [中图分类号] R741 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2014)09(c)-0062-05
  Neuroendoscope-assisted microvascular decompression for the treatment of hemifacial spasm
  SHEN Zhicai1 LIU Jian1 CHEN Ligang2▲
  1.Department of Neurosurgery, the People's Hospital of Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, Mianyang 621000, China; 2.Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College, Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China
  [Abstract] Objective To explore the value of neuroendoscopy-assisted microvascular decompression (MVD) for the treatment of patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS). Methods 62 cases of patients with HFS admitted in Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College from March 2009 to April 2012 were selected. All patients were divided into two groups, group A was given neuroendoscopy-assisted microvascular decompression therapy (n=32) and group B was given conventional microvascular decompression therapy (n=30). The cure rate, incidence of common complications, and intraoperative hospital stay were compared among the two groups after treatmen. Results 32 patients of group A were all found the offending vessels, 29 patients of group B were found the offending vessels. The cure rate in group A was 96.9% (31 cases), which was 90.0% (27 cases) in group B, the difference was significant (P  0.05). The incidence of complications in group A was 15.6% (5 cases), which was 26.7% (8 cases) in group B, the difference was significant (P  0.05). The hospital stays was (8.01.3) d in group A, which was (11.0  2.7) d in group B, the difference was significant (P  0.05). Conclusion Neuroendoscopy-assisted microvascular decompression for the treatment of hemifacial spasm can avoid missing responsibility blood vessels, decrease the pull damage to brain stem, cranial nerves and blood vessels, which has important value for improving the effect of surgery and reducing postoperative complications
  [Key words] Hemifacial spasm; Microscopic neurovascular decompression; Neuroendoscope
  原发性面肌痉挛(hemifacial spasm,HFS)是一种以第Ⅷ颅神经功能亢进为主要表现的面部肌肉运动障碍性疾病,发病率低[1],其主要表现为对患者精神、心理方面的影响,导致患者难以正常生活和工作。患者患病时间长后,面肌逐渐萎缩,肌力逐渐减退,最终可导致半侧面瘫[2]。面肌痉挛目前的首选治疗方法是显微血管减压术(microvascualr decompression,MVD)。随着微侵袭理念的逐渐普及,近年来随着内镜技术的逐渐成熟,其应用领域不断扩大,并已经较广泛应用于神经外科。本研究选择采用神经内镜下辅助MVD 治疗HFS 32例,效果满意,术后并发症及复发率均较低,现分析报道如下:
  1 资料与方法
  1.1 一般资料
  采集2009年3月~2012年4月泸州医学院附属医院神经外科(以下简称我科)接受MVD手术治疗的HFS患者62例,分为两组。A组32例行神经内镜辅助下MVD,男13例,女19例;年龄34~69岁,平均(44.87.8)岁;病程1.3~25年,平均(6.86.3)年;17例为左侧痉挛,15例为右侧痉挛,无双侧发病病例。B组30例行传统单纯显微镜下微血管减压术,男12例,女18例;年龄32~68岁,平均(44.16.6)岁;病程1.5~18年,平均(6.25.8)年;症状位于左侧16例,右侧14例,无双侧发病病例。两组患者性别、年龄、病程、发病部位等一般情况比较差异无统计学意义(均P  0.05),具有可比性。患者均经过卡马西平、苯妥英钠等药物治疗、针灸理疗及经A型肉毒杆菌毒素封闭治疗等保守治疗效果欠佳或无法忍受其并发症。所有患者无全身严重性疾病并且既往均无面神经损伤病史等禁忌证。
  术前所有HFS患者按抽搐、痉挛程度(Shorr[3]标准)分级:①0级:无面肌抽搐发作;②1级:一般无面肌抽搐发作,仅在有外部刺激状况下,瞬目增加;③2级:轻度,无明显功能障碍,仅表现为较轻微的面肌非自主抽搐;④3级:中度,有轻度面肌功能障碍,面肌痉挛抽搐较明显;⑤4级:重度,有较严重的面肌功能障碍,面肌抽搐明显,并且伴眼裂变小,影响正常的生活、工作等(不能阅读、驾车,严重可导致无法行走)。A组:2级有3例,3级有24例,4级有5例;B组:2级有3例,3级有23例,4级有4例。所有患者术前均常规行头部CT或MRI等影像学检查,排除肿瘤或AVM等导致的继发性面肌痉挛,并且所有患者术前均行颅脑3D-TOF-MRA(1.5T磁共振)检查,了解面神经出脑干处是否存在与其关系密切的血管。
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