[摘要] 目的 探?不同年龄阶段过敏性鼻炎患者应用舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂的临床疗效。 方法 方便选择该院2015年6月―2016年6月接收的过敏性鼻炎患者163例,依照年龄,将患者分为A组(≤7岁)、B组(7~12岁)、C组(12~18岁)、D组(18~40岁)、E组(40岁以上),均给予舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗,观察治疗前、治疗6个月、治疗12个月时各组患者的症状总评分及药物总评分。结果 治疗前,A组、B组、C组、D组、E组症状总评分分别为(8.14±1.96)分、(8.33±1.18)分、(8.38±1.23)分、(8.51±1.38)分、(8.60±1.49)分,药物总评分分别为(7.91±1.28)分、(8.48±1.90)分、(8.89±1.72)分、(9.02±1.53)分、(8.92±1.71)分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗6个月时,A组、B组、C组、D组、E组症状总评分分别为(3.34±0.71)分、(3.20±1.02)分、(83.06±1.09)分、(3.22±0.52)分、(3.01±0.94)分,药物总评分分别为(1.99±1.59)分、(2.20±1.62)分、(2.28±1.89)分、(2.02±1.48)分、(2.18±1.15)分;治疗12个月时,A组、B组、C组、D组、E组症状总评分分别为(1.33±0.19)分、(1.24±0.26)分、(1.17±0.18)分、(1.22±0.48)分、(1.35±0.25)分,药物总评分分别为(1.03±1.19)分、(1.05±1.42)分、(1.18±1.23)分、(1.07±1.16)分、(0.96±1.15)分,5组均低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P http://
[关键词] 粉尘螨滴剂;过敏性鼻炎;舌下含服;年龄阶段;疗效
[中图分类号] R765 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2017)10(c)-0031-03
Clinical Evaluation of Sublingual Dust Mite Drops in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis at Different Ages
JIANG Rui, WANG Xiu-min
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Kunshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, 215300 China
[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to observe the clinical efficacy of sublingual dust mite drops in patients with allergic rhinitis at different ages. Methods 163 patients with allergic rhinitis in this hospital from June 2015 to June 2016 were selected, according to the age, the patients were convenient divided into group A (below or equal to 7 years old) and group B (7 to 12 years old), group C (12 to 18 years old), group D (18 to 40 years old), group E (above 40 years old), were treated with sublingual dermatophagoides farinae drops; total symptom scores and the total score of drugs before treatment, 6 months and 12 months after treatment of all the groups were observed. Results The symptoms total score before the treatment of group A and group B, group C, group D and group E respectively were (8.14±1.96)points, (8.33±1.18)points, (8.38±1.23)points, (8.51±1.38)points, (8.60±1.49)points, the total score of drugs respectively were (7.91±1.28)points, (8.48±1.90)points, (8.89±1.72)points, (9.02±1.53)points, (8.92±1.71)points, there were no significant differences (P>0.05). Treatment for 6 months, the symptoms total score of group A and group B, group C, group D and group E respectively were (3.34±0.71)points, (3.20±1.02)points, (83.06±1.09)points, (3.22±0.52)points, (3.01±0.94)points; the total score drugs respectively were (1.99±1.59)points, (2.20±1.62)points, (2.28±1.89)points, (2.02±1.48)points, (2.18±1.15)points; Treatment for 12 months, symptoms total score in group A and group B, group C, group D and group E respectively were (1.33±0.19)points, (1.24±0.26)points, (1.17±0.18)pointspoints, (1.22±0.48)points, (1.35±0.25)points, the total score of drugs respectively were (1.03±1.19)points, (1.05±1.42)points, (1.18±1.23)points, (1.07±1.16)points, (0.96±1.15)points, so those in the 5 groups were lower than those before treatment, with significant difference(P [Key words] Dermatophagoides farinae drops; Allergic rhinitis; Sublingual dust mite drops; Age stage; Curative effect
过敏性鼻炎是一种呼吸道过敏性疾病,在临床中比较常见,打喷嚏、流鼻涕、鼻塞等主要症状,而且改变气候后,会导致症状发作。临床治疗过敏性鼻炎患者时,皮下注射脱敏疗法为常用方式,但此种治疗方法需长时间持续,并需患者住院治疗,便利性较差,影响患者的接受程度。近年来,临床上越来越多的应用舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂的方法治疗过敏性鼻炎患者,给药方便,且疗效良好,为越来越多的患者所接受。不过,关于此种治疗方法是否适合各年龄段的患者尚未形成统一的意见[1]。因此,该院2015年6月―2016年6月接收过敏性鼻炎患者163例,按照患者年龄分组,观察舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂在不同年龄段患者中的治疗效果,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
方便选择该院接收的过敏性鼻炎患者163例,依照患者年龄,将患者分为A组(≤7岁)、B组(7~12岁)、C组(12~18岁)、D组(18~40岁)、E组(40岁以上)。A组11例,男6例,女5例;病程1个月~4年。B组47例,男25例,女22例;病程5个月~8年。C组33例,男18例,女15例;病程1~10年。D组50例,男27例,女23例;病程2~14年。E组22例,女15例,女7例;病程1~18年。纳入标准[2]:①符合过敏性鼻炎的诊断标准;②均明确为尘螨过敏;③皮肤点刺试验结果显示为阳性,且至少(+ + +);④患者及家属均对该研究知情。经比较,5组患者的基本资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
1.2 方法
5组患者均给予舌下含服粉尘螨滴剂治疗,使用粉尘螨滴剂1~5号(国药准字S20060012),总蛋白浓度分别为1、10、100、333、1 000 μg/mL。A组与B组患者治疗时,顺次使用1~4号,其他3组治疗时顺次使用1~5号,1次/d。粉尘螨滴剂1号、2号、3号各使用1周,7 d剂量分别为1滴、2滴、3滴、4滴、6滴、8滴、10滴;粉尘螨滴剂4号使用2周,3滴/d;剩余6~25周时,A组与B组继续使用粉尘螨滴剂4号,其他3组使用粉尘螨滴剂5号,而2滴/d。给药时,滴于舌下,含1 min后吞服。
1.3 观察指标
观察治疗前、治疗6个月后、治疗12个月后5组患者的症状总评分与药物总评分。①症状总评分[3]:包含打喷嚏、流鼻涕、鼻塞、鼻痒4种,每种症状0~4分计分,分数越高,表示症状越严重,计算4种症状的总评分;②药物总评分[4]:使用抗组胺药物,记1分,使用糖皮质激素(鼻喷),记2分,计算总分。
1.4 统计方法
采用SPSS 18.0统计学软件分析,平均数±标准差(x±s)表示计量资料,利用t检验,P0.05);与治疗前相比,5组患者治疗6、12个月后症状总评分均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,5组患者治疗6、12个月后症状总评分均低于治疗前差异有统计学意义(P参考文献]
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(收稿日期:2017-07-28)