[摘要] 目的 分析下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)患者发生无症状性肺栓塞(PE)的危险因素。方法 方便选取该院收治的150例DVT患者,纳入时间为2014年6月―2017年6月。依据肺动脉造影(CTPA)结果将其分为两组:无症状PE组47例,症状性PE组103例。收集患者的资料病情,通过对比分析明确无症状性PE的危险因素。结果 无症状性PE组DVT以右侧患肢(59.6%)、中央型(63.8%)、有DVT病史(78.7%)、有心脏疾病(68.1%)为主;症状性PE组DVT以左侧患肢(82.5%)、周围型(65.0%)、无DVT病史(66.0%)、无心脏疾病(72.8%)为主,差异有统计学意义(P http://
[关键词] DVT;无症状性PE;症状性PE;危险因素
[中图分类号] R563.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2018)01(c)-0160-03
[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to analyze the risk factors of asymptomatic pulmonary embolism in patients with deep venous thrombosis. Methods 150 cases of DVT patients in this hospital from June 2014 to June 2017 were convenient selected, according to the results of computed tomography pulmonary arteriography, they were divided into two groups: asymptomatic PE group with 47 cases, symptomatic PE group of 103 cases. The data of patients were collected and the risk factors of asymptomatic PE were determined by comparative analysis. Results Asymptomatic PE group DVT with right limb(59.6%), central type (63.8%), a history of DVT (78.7%), heart disease (68.1%);PE group DVT with symptomatic left limb (82.5%), peripheral type(65.0%), no history of DVT (66.0%), no history of heart disease (72.8%), with significant difference(P0.05)。1.2 纳入和排除标准 依据《血液检验学》[3],纳入标准:①经静脉造影检查确诊为DVT,且发病时间在2周以内;②患者行溶栓、抗凝治疗,将INR控制在2.0~3.0之间;③签署知情同意书。排除标准:①排除精神病史患者;②排除肺部疾病、肺动脉高压患者;③排除导管溶栓、取栓患者;④排除CTPA禁忌患者。
1.3 方法
1.3.1 分组方法 入院后对患者进行CTPA检查,根据检查结果将患者分成两组:无症状PE组47例,症状性PE组103例。其中,无症状PE的诊断标准是肺动脉内充盈缺损、血管截断。
1.3.2 收集资料 收集150例患者的一般资料,包括性别、年龄、BMI等;DVT病情,包括患肢、类型、有无病史等;是否合并心脏疾病、血栓栓塞危险因素,例如骨折、肿瘤、外伤、手术、妊娠史等。
1.3.3 研究方法 首先对比两组患者的资料病情,明确影响无症状性PE发生的单因素;然后利用Logistic回归分析,明确影响无症状性PE发生的多因素。
1.4 统计方法
借助SPSS 18.0统计学软件处理数据,文中计数资料用[n(%)]表示,行χ2检验;计量资料用(x±s)表示,行t检验;P0.05)。无症状性PE患者以右侧患肢、中央型DVT、有DVT病史、合并心脏疾病为主;症状性PE组患者以左侧患肢、周围型DVT、无DVT病史、无心脏疾病为主,差异有统计学意义(P参考文献]
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