[摘要] 目的 探讨低强度超声对产后子宫收缩痛的影响。 方法 2016年1~11月期间随机选择300例二胎足月自然分娩后的产妇。其中146例为治疗组,154例为对照组,两组之间统计学无差异,治疗组于分娩8 h后,由护士用低超声治疗仪对患者子宫覆盖区进行按摩治疗,2次/d,20 min/次。连续3 d;对照组不做任何处置。通过让患者自身感受子宫收缩痛的强度变化填写疼痛等级表。 结果 产后第3天评估治疗组优于对照组,其中,治疗组87.67%(128/146)无明显子宫收缩痛感觉。对照组仅35.71%(55/154)的产妇无明显子宫收缩疼痛感觉,两组之间差异有统计学意义(P http://
[关键词] 低强度超?;子宫收缩痛;疼痛等级;子宫复旧仪
[中图分类号] R719.8 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2018)03-0050-03
Effect of low intensity ultrasound on postpartum uterine contraction pain of the second pregnancy
ZHAO Yan GUO Yi LIU Xiuying
Dalian Women and Children's Hospital, Dalian 116033, China
[Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of low intensity ultrasound on postpartum uterine contraction pain. Methods From January to November 2016, 300 puerpera who underwent full-term natural delivery of the second pregnancy were randomly selected. Among them, 146 cases were assigned to the treatment group and 154 cases were assigned to the control group. There was no statistical difference between the two groups. The nurses carried out massage treatment in uterine coverage area by low ultrasound device 8 hours after delivery in the treatment group, twice/day, 20 minutes/time for 3 days continuously. The control group was not given any treatment. The pain scale was filled by the patients through their feeling on the changes in the intensity of uterine contractions. Results According to the evaluation on the third day after delivery,the treatment group was better than the control group. Among them, 87.67%(128/146) in the treatment group had no significant uterine contraction pain. In the control group,only 35.71%(55/154) had no obvious uterine contraction pain. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P 1.2 方法
1.2.1 仪器 采用韵产康低强度超声波子宫复旧仪(重庆海扶科技股份有限公司,型号:CKC100)。该仪器是可移动台车式床旁治疗仪,推拉轻便,方便护士推至病房进行治疗。治疗头采用球壳式聚焦换能器尺寸为SR50、口径50,超声频率为0.8 MHz,治疗头入射声强为2 W/cm2。同时,为避免交叉感染,与产妇接触的治疗头都配有隔离透声膜,且为一次性使用。要求该透声膜与耦合剂无缝隙接触。低强度超声治疗组于产后8 h后开始治疗,排除一切特异因素,且患者均自愿接受。对照组不接触低强度超声仪。
1.2.2 治疗方法 产妇平卧于病床上,触摸腹部以确定子宫底高度,并以此为辐射区,以子宫底和两个子宫角为准线,在套有隔离透声膜的治疗头上涂上足够的耦合剂。专人护士在床旁需稍用力下压使治疗头与皮肤贴合紧密,能感觉到宫底为宜。在左右宫角及宫底处来回推动治疗头,速度不宜过快,也不易过慢,10 s一来回为宜。每次治疗20 min,2次/d,连续治疗3 d。每名产妇均治疗6次[4-6]。
1.3 评价指标
疼痛等级表,选用Wong-Baker面部表情量表法,评估采用10分制,赋分标准为0分:无痛;2分:有点痛;4分:轻微疼痛;6分:疼痛明显;10分:疼痛剧烈。在护士治疗过程中让患者边治疗边感受疼痛等级变化,认真填写Wong-Baker面部表情量表法。以0~2分为轻度疼痛,4~6分为中度疼痛,8~10分为重度疼痛为评价标准[12-13]。见图1。
1.4 统计学方法
采用SPSS19.0进行数据处理,计数资料采用χ2检验;计量资料以(x±s)表示,采用两样本t检验进行双侧统计分析,P0.05),治疗第3天后治疗组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P [参考文献]
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(收稿日期:2017-11-13)