[摘要]目的 探讨大黄素对海人酸诱导的小鼠癫痫持续状态后海马组织诱导型一氧化合酶(iNOS)、环氧化酶-2(COX-2)表达的影响。方法 选取45只ICR雄性小鼠,随机分为对照组、癫痫持续状态组、大黄素治疗组,每组15只。采用海人酸建立小鼠癫痫模型,大黄素治疗组腹腔注射200 mg/kg的大黄素。癫痫持续状态组和对照组注入等量的生理盐水。致痫24 h后通过苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察海马神经细胞的形态学变化,采用RT-PCR、Western blot分别检测iNOS、COX-2 mRNA与蛋白的表达。结果 大黄素可明显改善癫痫鼠海马组织的病理形态学变化;大黄素治疗组iNOS、COX-2 mRNA与蛋白的含量明显低于癫痫持续状态组,差异有统计学意义(P /6/view-10696478.htm
[关键词]大黄素;癫痫;iNOS;COX-2
[中图分类号] R742.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)1(b)-0011-04
[Abstract]Objective To investigate Emodin′s influence on the expression of iNOS,COX-2 in hippocampus of mice after status epilepticus by kainic acid.Methods 45 ICR male mice were selected and randomly divided into the control group,the SE group and the Emodin group,15 cases in each group.The epileptic model of mice was established by kainic acid.The treatment group was injected with 200 mg/kg by Emodin.The SE group and the control group were injected an equal amount of saline.HE stain was observed the morphological changes in hippocampal nerve after 24 h,RT-PCR and Western blot was used to detect the expression of the mRNA and protein level of iNOS,COX-2.Results Emodin could significantly relieve the hippocampal injury after status epilepticus in mice.The content of iNOS,COX-2 mRNA and protein in the Emodin group was significantly lower than that of the mRNA and protein in the SE group,with significant difference (P30 min者为癫痫持续状态。模型制备成功后,大黄素治疗组立即腹腔注射大黄素200 mg/kg 1次。对照组、SE组在相同时间给予相应体积的生理盐水。
1.3标本制备
每组取5只ICR小鼠,麻醉后心脏灌注40%甲醛后取脑,浸泡24 h。通过石蜡包埋切片,用于HE染色;每组另取10只ICR小鼠,麻醉后断头取双侧海马,分别提取总蛋白与RNA,用于Western blot与RT-PCR的检测。 1.4 HE染色
石蜡切片4 μm,常规脱蜡脱水行HE染色,观察海马CA1、CA3区神经细胞的形态学变化。
1.5 RT-PCR检测iNOS和COX-2的mRNA表达
β-actin引物序列(198bp):5′-ATC GTG CGT GAC ATC AAA GAGA-3′(上游),5′-TGC CAC AGG ATT CCA TAC CCAA-3′(下游)。iNOS引物序列(314bp):5′-CTG CAG CAC TTG GAT CAG GAA CCTG-3′(上游),5′-GGG AGT AGC CTG TGT GCA CCT GGAA-3′(下游)。COX-2引物序列(374bp):5′-CCA TGT CAA AAC CGT GGT GAATG-3′(上游),5′-ATG GGA GTT GGG CAG TCA TCAG-3′(下游)。用Trizol提取总RNA,反转录得到cDNA。热循环条件:94℃预变性4 min,94℃变性40 s,退火(iNOS:56℃ 40 s;COX-2:64℃ 40 s),72℃延伸1 min,32个循环。凝胶扫描分析仪扫描凝胶,并分析iNOS、COX-2与β-actin基因谱带的积分光密度,以两者比值(即相对系数)表示mRNA相对表达水平。
1.6 Western blot检测iNOS和COX-2蛋白表达
匀浆后提取总蛋白,采用二喹啉甲酸(BCA)法测定蛋白浓度。取蛋白40 μg凝胶上电泳。将蛋白转移至NC膜上,TTBS洗3次,室温下5%脱脂奶粉封闭1 h。封闭后分别加入iNOS和COX-2一抗抗体,4℃静置过夜,洗膜3次,室温下HRP标记二抗孵育1 h,洗膜3次。ECL显影剂显影,以激光扫描仪进行定量扫描。
1.7统计学处理
采用SPSS 17.0统计学软件对数据进行分析,计量资料以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,组间比较采用单因素方差和Bonferroni检验,以P [参考文献]
[1]Vezzani A,Fujinami RS,White HS,et al.Infections,inflammation and epilepsy[J].Acta Neuropathol,2016,131(2):211-234.
[2]Serrano GE,Lelutiu N,Rojas A,et al.Ablation of cyclooxygenase-2 in forebain neurons is neurprotective and dampens brain inflammantion after epilepticus[J].J Neurosci,2011,31(42):14850-14860.
[3]Bahar T,Belma K,Ayse N,et al.Contribution of iNOS/sGC/PKG pathway,COX-2,CYP4A1,and gp91phox to the protective effect of 5,14-HEDGE,a 20-HETE mimetic,against vasodilation,hypotension,tachycardia,and inflammation in a rat model of septic shock[J].Nitric Oxide,2013,33(9):18-41.
[4]Racine RJ,Steingart M,Mcintyre DC.Development of kindling-prone and kindling resistant rats:selective breeding and electrophysiological studies[J].Epilepsy Res,1999,35(3):183-195.
[5]Annamaria V,Jacqueline F,Tamas B,et al.The role of inflammation in epilepsy[J].Nat Rev Neurol,2011,7(1):31-40.
[6]Raimondo D,Clifford LE,Cinzia F,et al.Novel frontiers in epilepsy treatments:preventing epileptogenesis by targeting inflammation[J].Expert Rev Neurother,2013,13(6):615-625.
[7]Maria T.Hippocampal sclerosis in epilepsy:a neuropathology review[J].Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol,2014,40(5):520-543.
[8]Cheng O,Ostrowski RP,Wu B,et al.Cyclooxygenase-2 mediates hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning in the rat model of transient global cerebral ischemia[J].Stroke,2011,2(2):484-490.
[9]Rojas A,Jiang J,Ganesh T,et al.Cyclooxygenase-2 in epilepsy epilepsia[J].2014,55(1):17-25.
[10]Jiang J,Quan Y,Ganesh T,et al.Inhibition of the protaglanin receptor EP2 following status epilepticus redcues delayed mortlity and brain inflammation[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2013,110(9):3591-3596.
[11]Harumasa N,Kyungho C,Shohei S,et al.iNOS as a driver of inflammation and apoptosis in mouse skeletal muscle after burn injury:possible involvement of sirt1 S-nitrosylation-mediated acetylation of p65 NF-κB and p53[J].PLoS One,2017,12(1):e0170391.
[12]Iadecola C,Zhang F,Casey R,et al.Inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in vascular cells after transient focal cerebral ischemia[J].Stroke,1996,27(8):1373-1380.
[13]?W阳龙强,梁日生,杨卫忠,等.黄芩苷对小鼠癫痫持续状态后海马神经细胞的保护作用[J].中华实验外科杂志,2012,29(9):1697-1699.
[14]Park SY,Jin ML,Ko MJ,et al.Anti-neuroinflammatory effect of emodin in LPS-stimulated microglia:involvement of AMPK/Nrf2 activation[J].Neurochm Res,2016,41(11):2981-2992.
[15]He Y, Huang J,Wang P,et al.Emodin potentiates the antiproliferative effect of interferon α/β by activation of JAK/STAT pathway signaling through inhibition of the 26S proteasome[J].Oncotarget,2016,7(4):4664-4679.
[16]Yang F,Yuan PW,Hao YQ,et al.Emodin enhances osteogenesis and inhibits adipogenesis[J].BMC Complement Altern Med,2014,14:74.
[17]顾建文,郑崇勋,杨文涛,等.大黄素对大鼠癫痈模型的脑保护作用[J].中华神经医学杂志,2006,5(7):676-680.
[18]Yang T,Kong B,kuang Y,et al.Emodin plays an interventional role in epileptic rats via multi-drug resistance gene 1 (MDR1)[J].Int J Clin Exp Pathol,2015,8(3):3418-3425.
(收稿日期:2017-08-10 本文编辑:祁海文)