2018九型人格分析在尿毒症患者血液透析护理中的应用研究
【摘要】 目的:研究九型人格分析在尿毒症患者血液透析护理中的应用效果。方法:选取本院血液透析患者172例,随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组采用常规透析护理和心理护理,观察组采用透析护理和九型人格分析的针对性护理。观察两组患者不同透析时间各型人格变化情况和透析前后情绪变化、生存质量、治疗依从性情况;观察两组的护理满意度。结果:(1)随着透析时间的延长,两组患者的人格类型均会出现改变。(2)透析护理后,对照组SAS和SDS评分均较护理前稍有升高,观察组SAS和SDS评分均较护理前有所降低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。透析护理后,观察组SAS和SDS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。(3)两组患者护理后依从性、生存质量评分明显高于护理前(P0.01),且观察组明显高于对照组(P0.01)。观察组护理满意度(97.67%)优于对照组(87.21%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:长期血液透析可以使患者的人格出现变化,结合九型人格分析针对性护理干预能够有效缓解患者透析后焦虑和抑郁症状,改善患者治疗的依从性及生存质量,提高护理满意度。【关键词】 九型人格; 血液透析; 护理; 依从性
Application of Analysis of Enneagram in Hemodialysis Nursing of Patients with Uremia/YU Gui-jian,LIU Cheng-bin,JIANG Miao,et al.//Medical Innovation of China,2016,13(20):078-081
【Abstract】 Objective:To study the effect of analysis of enneagram in nursing in hemodialysis of patients with uremia.Method:The 172 cases of hemodialysis in our hospital were randomly divided into observation group and control group.The control group was given routine dialysis nursing and psychological nursing. The observation group was given dialysis nursing and enneagram analysis of targeting nursing.The changes of different types of personality,the emotion, quality of life, treatment compliance before and after dialysis of two groups were observed.The nursing satisfaction of two groups was observed.Result:(1)The personality type of each group was changed with the dialysis time prolonged. (2)After dialysis care,the SAS and SDS scores of control group were slightly higher than those before dialysis (P0.01),the SAS and SDS scores of observation group were lower than those before dialysis(P0.01).(3)The compliance, scores of life quality after nursing of two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P0.01).The nursing satisfaction of the observation group (97.67%) than the control group (87.21%),the difference was statistically significant (P0.05).Conclusion:Long term hemodialysis can make the patient's personality changing, Enneagram analysis of targeting nursing can effectively relieve patients symptoms of anxiety and depression after dialysis,improve the treatment compliance and quality of life,improve nursing satisfaction.
【Key words】 Enneagram; Hemodialysis; Nursing; Compliance
First-authors address:Luoding Peoples Hospital,Luoding 527200,China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2016.20.021
慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)的终末期即尿毒症期主要采用血液透析维持患者生命。血液透析需要定期进行,患者不仅要经受疾病本身及透析带来的痛苦,还要承受巨大的心理压力及经济压力。国内外诸多研究发现,尿毒症患者会出现严重的抑郁和焦虑症状,长期的抑郁和焦虑状态会增加患者的死亡率。本研究主要观察结合九型人格分型后采用的针对性护理对血液透析患者抑郁、焦虑状态及治疗依从和生存质量的影响,分析九型人格分型在血液透析护理中的应用价值。具体研究如下。 1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选取2014年1月-2014年12月本院尿毒症并行血液透析患者172例,男94例,女78例;年龄21~76岁,平均(45.887.05)岁;尿毒症病程5个月~10年,平均(2.050.34)年;透龄3个月~7年,平均(1.050.12)年。采用SAS 9.1统计软件编程进行区组随机化,产生172例受试者随机分组号,列出随机编码表,根据随机编码表将入选受试者分为观察组和对照组各86例。其中观察组男48例,女38例,年龄21~76岁,平均(45.736.89)岁,尿毒症病程5个月~9年,平均(1.980.32)年;透龄3个月~6年,平均(1.010.10)年。对照组男46例,女40例,年龄27~76岁,平均(46.127.89)岁,尿毒症病程7个月~10年,平均(2.120.35)年;透龄
4个月~7年,平均(1.140.15)年。两组患者在年龄、性别、尿毒症病程及透龄等一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。
1.2 方法 对照组患者给予常规透析护理和心理护理。观察组根据九型人格图将患者分成9种不同人格类型,给予九型人格分析结合针对性心理干预,第一型:完美主义者,患者有极强的原则性,对自己或周围的人要求都很高,希望把每件事都做得很完美。这样会使患者对自己的病情过分的紧张,对透析过程中的每一个步骤都过分关注,在透析过程中可能会对护理人员提很多难以达到的要求,甚至对护理人员的操作都会指指点点,当遇到什么不顺意时,比如复查肾功能某项指标不达标时,就很容易产生焦虑、抑郁情绪。对这类患者,护理人员应注重专业技术的学习,尽量做到每事每情都认真细致。向患者讲解血液透析的目的及原理,分析透析过程中重点注意事项。向患者讲解尿毒症是慢性病情,某时期某项指标的值可能会出现波动,应以平静心态对待,不必过分紧张,从而减轻患者心理负担。第二型:给予者,患者的基本思想困惑是我若不帮助人,就没有人会爱我,很在意别人的感情和需要,十分热心,会常常帮助其他患者,愿意付出爱给别人,甚至会愿意迁就其他患者来换取
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