8193811 发表于 2018-8-16 22:38:37

2018纳布啡在双侧重睑成形术中的应用效果研究

  [摘要]目的:探?纳布啡应用于双侧重睑成形术中的疗效、安全性以及不良反应。方法:选择行双侧重睑成形术就医者56例,采用随机数字表法,随机分成两组,观察组和对照组,每组28例。观察组以纳布啡复合丙泊酚缓慢静脉注射麻醉,对照组以舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚缓慢静脉注射,呼之不应、安静入睡后两组均采用1%利多卡因1mg/kg行双侧上睑局部浸润麻醉。观察记录两组就医者在入手术室静脉麻醉前(T0)、静脉麻醉后即刻(T1)、局部浸润麻醉后即刻(T2)、局部浸润麻醉后2min(T3)、局部浸润麻醉后5min(T4)、局部浸润麻醉后10min(T5)、局部浸润麻醉后30min(T6)的心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)及脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2)的变化,并记录两组就医者的镇痛效果、清醒时间以及恶心、呕吐、头晕、呼吸抑制等不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组T1~T6时刻HR、MAP、SpO2监测值与T0相比无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组T1~T6时刻HR、MAP监测值与T0相比无统计学意义(P>0.05),但T1~T4时刻SpO2监测值与T0相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的清醒时间分别是(6.8±2.1)min和(6.1±2.7)min,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组呼吸抑制、恶心、呕吐、头晕发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P http://
  [关键词]纳布啡;丙泊酚;舒芬太尼;重睑成形术
  [中图分类号]R622 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2017)10-0026-03
  Abstract: Objective To evaluate the application of nalbuphine in bilateral double eyelid surgery curative effect, safety and adverse reactions. Methods Fifty-six cases selection phase of the bilateral eyelid shaping surgery, were randomly divided into two groups, observation group and control group, 28 cases in each group. The observation group with nalbuphine combined with propofol slow intravenous injection of anesthesia, the control group with sufentanil combined with propofol slow intravenous injection. Until loss of call, the two groups were treated with 1% lidocaine 1mg/kg for bilateral upper eyelid local infiltration anesthesia. Observing and recording 2 groups’ heart rate(HR), mean arterial pressure(MAP) and pulse oxygen saturation(SpO2) changes between before intravenous anesthesia(T0), immediately after intravenous anesthesia(T1), immediately after local infiltration anesthesia(T2), 2 minutes after local infiltration anesthesia(T3), 5 minutes after local infiltration anesthesia(T4), 10 minutes after local infiltration anesthesia (T5), 30 minutes after local infiltration anesthesia(T6), and recording the analgesic effect , waking time of two groups patients and the adverse reactions of two groups of patients such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, respiratory depression. Results The HR, MAP and SpO2 in the observation group at T1 to T6 was not statistically significant compared with that of T0(P>0.05). The HR and MAP in the control group at T1 to T6 was not statistically significant compared with that of T0(P>0.05), but the SpO2 at T1 to T4 was statistically significant compared with that of T0(P0.05). Waking time of two groups were (6.8±2.1)min and (6.1±2.7)min, the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). The incidence of respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting and dizziness in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P  Key words: nalbuphine hydrochloride injection; propofol; sufentanil; double eyelid surgery
  随着舒适医疗、无痛技术的发展,重睑成形术求美者对其麻醉的要求也越来越高。之前采用氯胺酮、瑞芬太尼及舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚麻醉,镇痛、镇静效果确切,但因氯胺酮的交感神经、循环系统的兴奋作用,瑞芬太尼、舒芬太尼的呼吸抑制、恶心、呕吐发生率高,求美者的满意度较低。纳布啡为阿片类激动-拮抗型镇痛药,纳布啡对k受体呈激动作用,对μ受体呈拮抗作用,脊髓部位k受体激活能导致有效的镇痛、镇静作用。本研究旨在探讨纳布啡应用于双侧重睑成形术中的疗效、安全性以及不良反应。
  1 资料和方法
  1.1 临床资料:选择于本院行双侧切开重睑成形术就医者56例为研究对象,ASA分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,体重41~78kg,年龄18~45岁,采用随机数字表法,将病人随机分成2组,观察组(纳布啡组)和对照组(舒芬太尼组),每组各28例。入选标准:无明显心、肝、肾、呼吸系统和神经系统疾病;无长期饮酒和长期服用麻醉镇痛、镇静药病史;无伴发高血压等慢性病史。所有病例均由同一位医生手术。本研究经本院伦理委员会批准并与病人签署知情同意书。
  1.2 麻醉方法:所有患者未使用术前药,入手术室后多功能监护仪监测HR、MAP、SpO2。手术医生先行手术设计,手术安全核查后观察组给予纳布啡(批号:1161101,宜昌人福药业有限公司)0.10~0.15mg/kg+丙泊酚(批号:1607091,西安力邦制药有限公司)1.0~1.5mg/kg静脉缓慢推注;对照组给予舒芬太尼(批号:1161202,宜昌人福药业有限公司)0.1~0.2μg/kg+丙泊酚1.0~1.5mg/kg静脉缓慢推注。等患者呼之不应、安静入睡后采用1%利多卡因1mg/kg行双侧上睑局部浸润麻醉。
  1.3 麻醉镇痛镇静效果分级:优(局部浸润麻醉期间无肢体活动);良(局部浸润麻醉期间有轻微肢体扭动,但不影响操作);差(局部浸润麻醉期间肢体扭动,无法进行操作)。并采用英国Wilson镇静将镇静效果分为5级:Ⅰ级(完全清醒,定向力好);Ⅱ级(瞌睡);Ⅲ级(闭目,回答问题清楚);Ⅳ级(入睡,轻推可唤醒);Ⅴ级(入睡,不能唤醒)。
  1.4 观察指标:观察并记录两组患者入手术室静脉麻醉前(T0)、静脉麻醉后即刻(T1)、局部浸润麻醉后即刻(T2)、局部浸润麻醉后2min(T3)、局部浸润麻醉后5min(T4)、局部浸润麻醉后10min(T5)、局部浸润麻醉后30min(T6)、HR、MAP、SpO2的变化,记录两组患者的麻醉镇痛镇静效果、清醒时间、呼吸抑制(SpO20.05。
  2.2 两组患者HR、MAP、SpO2的监测结果:两组间患者HR、MAP、SpO2术前监测无明显差异,P>0.05。观察组T1~T6时刻HR、MAP、SpO2监测值与T0相比,差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。对照组T1~T6时刻HR、MAP监测值与T0相比,差异无统计学意义,P>0.05;T1~T4时刻SpO2与T0相比,明显降低,差异有统计学意义,P0.05;两组患者的清醒时间分别是(6.8±2.1)min和(6.1±2.7)min,差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。见表3。
  2.4 两组患者不良反应情况统计结果:观察组呼吸抑制、恶心、呕吐、头晕发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义,P0.05),说明纳布啡无血流动力学不良反应,心率、血压平稳,且呼吸抑制发生率低。对照组T1~T6时刻HR、MAP监测值与T0相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),T1~T4时刻SpO2监测值与T0相比,有统计学意义(P  综上,纳布啡与丙泊酚复合静脉麻醉应用于双侧重睑成形术,术中血流动力学稳定,呼吸平稳,不良反应及并发症发生率低,疗效确切,值得在重睑成形术中广泛应用。但需注意纳布啡静脉注射时因静脉刺激易致注射痛,可在纳布啡药液中加入利多卡因以减少注射痛的发生。
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  [收稿日期]2017-03-20 [修回日期]2017-07-21
  编辑/张惠娟
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